How to change pH of water with hydrochloric acid?

How much acid do I need to change water pH to 4, 5, and 6?How to change pH of water with hydrochloric acid?
You must know that HCl is a very strong acid, therfore extremely small quantities are required to produce a solution with pH = 6, 5 and 4.

The [H+] at pH 6 = 0.000001M

Commercial HCl is 12.0M

Now if you wish to prepare a 1 litre solution with pH = 6.0, [H+] = 10^-6

M1V1=M2V2

12.0*V1 = 10^-6*1000

V1 = 8.33*10^-5 ml

Similarly, a pH 5.0 solution will require 8.33*10^-4ml, and

pH 4.0 solution will require 8.33*10^-3ml all dissolved to 1000ml solution

I am sure that you can see the impracticability of this, because measuring out these extremely small volumes is difficult.



A more practical method would be to prepare a known dilution of the concentrated HCl for instance a 1.0M solution:

Dissolve 83.33ml of the conc acid in 1 litre of solution . This will give a solution with pH = 0.00

Now you can make a series of solutions with a scale of pH by sucesive 10 fold dilutions.

Dilute the 1M solution 100ml in 1000ml to get pH =1.00

Dilute this solution 100ml in 1000ml solution to get pH = 2.0

Dilute this solution 100ml in 1000ml solution top get pH = 3.0



And so on to get your desired pH 4, 5 and 6. It is not easy because the HCl is a very strong acid.

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